2 Corinthians 6:4

Authorized King James Version

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But in all things approving ourselves as the ministers of God, in much patience, in afflictions, in necessities, in distresses,

Original Language Analysis

ἀλλ' But G235
ἀλλ' But
Strong's: G235
Word #: 1 of 17
properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)
ἐν in G1722
ἐν in
Strong's: G1722
Word #: 2 of 17
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
παντὶ all G3956
παντὶ all
Strong's: G3956
Word #: 3 of 17
all, any, every, the whole
συνιστώντες things approving G4921
συνιστώντες things approving
Strong's: G4921
Word #: 4 of 17
to set together, i.e., (by implication) to introduce (favorably), or (figuratively) to exhibit; intransitively, to stand near, or (figuratively) to co
ἑαυτοὺς ourselves G1438
ἑαυτοὺς ourselves
Strong's: G1438
Word #: 5 of 17
(him- her-, it-, them-, my-, thy-, our-, your-)self (selves), etc
ὡς as G5613
ὡς as
Strong's: G5613
Word #: 6 of 17
which how, i.e., in that manner (very variously used, as follows)
θεοῦ of God G2316
θεοῦ of God
Strong's: G2316
Word #: 7 of 17
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
διάκονοι the ministers G1249
διάκονοι the ministers
Strong's: G1249
Word #: 8 of 17
an attendant, i.e., (genitive case) a waiter (at table or in other menial duties); specially, a christian teacher and pastor (technically, a deacon)
ἐν in G1722
ἐν in
Strong's: G1722
Word #: 9 of 17
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
ὑπομονῇ patience G5281
ὑπομονῇ patience
Strong's: G5281
Word #: 10 of 17
cheerful (or hopeful) endurance, constancy
πολλῇ much G4183
πολλῇ much
Strong's: G4183
Word #: 11 of 17
(singular) much (in any respect) or (plural) many; neuter (singular) as adverbial, largely; neuter (plural) as adverb or noun often, mostly, largely
ἐν in G1722
ἐν in
Strong's: G1722
Word #: 12 of 17
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
θλίψεσιν afflictions G2347
θλίψεσιν afflictions
Strong's: G2347
Word #: 13 of 17
pressure (literally or figuratively)
ἐν in G1722
ἐν in
Strong's: G1722
Word #: 14 of 17
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
ἀνάγκαις necessities G318
ἀνάγκαις necessities
Strong's: G318
Word #: 15 of 17
constraint (literally or figuratively); by implication, distress
ἐν in G1722
ἐν in
Strong's: G1722
Word #: 16 of 17
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
στενοχωρίαις distresses G4730
στενοχωρίαις distresses
Strong's: G4730
Word #: 17 of 17
narrowness of room, i.e., (figuratively) calamity

Analysis & Commentary

But in all things approving ourselves as the ministers of God (ἀλλ' ἐν παντὶ συνιστάνοντες ἑαυτοὺς ὡς θεοῦ διάκονοι, all' en panti synistanontes heautous hōs theou diakonoi)—The verb synistēmi means to commend, demonstrate, or prove genuine. Paul uses this verb repeatedly in 2 Corinthians (3:1; 4:2; 5:12; 6:4; 7:11; 10:12, 18; 12:11) in his self-defense. Unlike false apostles who commend themselves through self-promotion, Paul's commendation comes through suffering endured with godly virtue.

In much patience, in afflictions, in necessities, in distresses (ἐν ὑπομονῇ πολλῇ, ἐν θλίψεσιν, ἐν ἀνάγκαις, ἐν στενοχωρίαις)—This begins the first triad of hardships (vv.4-5 list nine total). Hypomonē ('patience' or 'steadfast endurance') heads the list as the overarching virtue that characterizes Paul's response to all subsequent trials. Thlipsis (afflictions/tribulations) refers to external pressures and persecutions. Anankē (necessities) indicates compelling hardships or constraints. Stenochōria (distresses) literally means 'narrow space,' conveying the feeling of being hemmed in or under crushing pressure.

These opening terms are general categories that the following verses specify. Paul's catalogue functions apologetically (proving his apostolic authenticity) and pastorally (modeling Christian endurance). The Greek preposition en ('in') repeated throughout vv.4-10 indicates the sphere or circumstance in which apostolic ministry operates—not comfort and ease but suffering and paradox.

Historical Context

Greco-Roman culture valued honor, status, and strength. Suffering was viewed as shameful, a sign of divine disfavor or personal weakness. Paul radically inverts these values, showing that apostolic suffering validates rather than invalidates his ministry. The 'hardship catalogue' was a known rhetorical form in Stoic philosophy and Hellenistic Judaism, but Paul fills it with distinctly Christian content.

Questions for Reflection